Starter
M1 My teacher and my friends
1. ---Good morning/afternoon!
---Good morning/afternoon!
(Good morning:早晨6:00—中午12:00; Good afternoon:午后—太阳落山前;Good night:晚上睡觉前的问候语)
2. my name’s……=my name is……/ I am…… 我的名字是……/ 我是……
本句是常用于回答what’s your name?
Eg:---What is your name?
---My name is Mike. / I am Mike.
3. Miss\Mr.\Mrs的区别:
Miss: 一般用于未婚女子的姓氏之前
Mr.: 一般用于男性姓氏之前
Mrs: 一般用于已婚女性姓氏之前
4. 26个英文字母大小写及发音:
Aa [ei] Bb [bi:] Cc [si:] Dd [di:] Ee [i:] Ff [ef] Gg [d3i:] Hh [eit∫] Ii [ai] Jj [dʒei] Kk [kei] Ll [el] Mm [em] Nn [en] Oo [əu] Pp [pi:] Qq [kju:] Rr [ɑ:] Ss [es] Tt [ti:] Uu [ju:] Vv [vi:] Ww [′dʌblju:]
Xx [eks] Yy [wai] Zz [zi:][zed]
5. sorry? 请再说一遍,好吗?
sorry 后用问号,表示因为自己没有听清楚对方的话,希望对方再说一遍。
后用句号,表示对自己所做的不恰当的事表歉意,请求对方原谅。
6. can you spell it, please ? 你能拼写下吗?
此句为由can引导的一个一般疑问句,其回答用yes/no来回答
【拓展】陈述句→一般疑问句
(1) 若在陈述句中有be(is/am/are)、情态动词(can),则将be(is/am/are) 、情态动词(can)提前,句号变问号;
(2) 若陈述句中无be(is/am/are)、情态动词(can),则需要借助do/does,将do/does提前,句号变问号。
Eg:(1) He is a student. → Is he a student?
(2)I like apples. → Do you like apples?
〖注意点〗1.在陈述句中如果有第一人称时,变为一般疑问句后需要把第一人称改为第二人称;
2. 若陈述句中无be(is/am/are)、情态动词(can)且主语是第三人称时,需要借助does,将does提前后要把动词变为原形(do/does+动词原形)
7. ---How are you?
---Well. / Fine, thank you. / thanks.
How are you用于询问对方的身体状况,在回答后除了表示感谢,还要反问对方身体如何,可以用”And you”
Eg:---How are you?
---I am fine, thank you. And you?
---I’m fine, too. Thanks.
〖注意点〗若询问的人称不一样,其中be的选择也不一样
Eg:---How is your mother? ---She is fine, thank you.
8. This is…… 这是……。
(1) This is……常用于介绍他人
(2) This is……可以用于电话用语,表示“我是……”
9. Nice to see/meet you. / Glad to see/meet you.
此句用于两人初次见面,其回答也用该句,但是句末加上“,too.”
Eg:---Nice to meet you!
---Nice to meet you, too.
10. It’s time to+动词原形 到了做……的时候
for+名词
Eg:It’s time to get up.
It’s time for dinner.
11. see you tomorrow. 明天见。
see you……的变体形式:see you next week./ see you later. / see you on Monday.
M2 My English lesson
1. Stand up, please! 起立。其反义词为Sit down, please!
当回答Sit down时,用thank you 表示感谢。
2. put up your hand 举手 open your book 打开书本→ close your book
【拓展】put up 还有“粘贴”之意
Eg:Can you put up the picture on the wall?
3. listen 听(可单独使用,以提醒对方注意,如果需要对方听…时,须加上介词to,即listen to+名词)
Eg:Listen to the music! Listen to me!
〖总结〗以上三句都是祈使句,祈使句的特点:
(1) 以动词原形为开头;
(2) 通常省略主语(此处的主语通常是you);
(3) 若需表示否定,可在前面加don’t ; 表示请求时,可加上please.
4. ---Are you a new student here?
---Yes, I am.
〖复习〗陈述句转化为一般疑问句的要点
5. what class are you in?
此句为疑问词what与名词连用构成的特殊疑问句,what还可以与time/color/grade等名词连用,常用句型:what+n.+be/do/does+主语+其他?
Eg:What time is it now?
What color do you like?
What grade are you in?
6. Mr. Chen’s class
名词所有格构成形式:当表示人或事物的所属关系时,即表示“……的”,在英语中用’s表示
Eg:This is Jim’s father.
My friend’s name is Tom.
7. 数字1—20(基数词):
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
8. what’s your telephone number?
此句是what引导的特殊疑问句,语序为what+be+主语+其他?
Eg:What are you doing now?
---What’s your ID number?
---It is……
9. ---How old are you?
---I am+数词
How old +be+人称代词/名词?
【注意】若询问的人称不一样,其中be的选择也不一样。
Eg:---How old is he? ---He is ten years old.
---How old is your sister? ---She is fourteen.
10. ---How many +可数名词复数 are there?
---There are/is+数词
【拓展】 how much+不可数名词 is there? 表示提问数量
how much+be+名词/代词? 表示提问价格
Eg:---How much is it? ---It is +价格.
---How much are they? ---They are +价格.
How much bread do you want?
11. ---What’s ten and five?
---It’s fifteen.
M3 My English book
1. ---What’s this in English? 这个用英语怎么说?(in+语言)
---It is……
What +be+主语?是用来询问sth的一个特殊疑问句(注意回答时要把this→it)
2. a/an的用法
a:用于以辅音因素开头的单词前:a book/desk/map
an:用于以元音因素开头的单词前:an apple/orange/English book
3. write it on the blackboard
on:在……上。常指与物体表面有接触
the:此处指说话双方都知道的人或事物
【拓展】定冠词the的常见用法:
(1) 表示特指的人或事物;please give me the book on the desk.
(2) 指双方都知道的人或事物;
(3) 前面已提到,第二次再次提到的人或事物;He has a bag. The bag is blue.
(4) 指世界上独一无二的事物;the moon/the sun
(5) 用于江、河、湖、海等某些专有名词前;the Yellow River;the Great Wall
(6) 用于弹奏的乐器之前;play the piano(但是球类前不用任何冠词:play football/basketball)
(7) 用于习惯用语或固定搭配之前:in the morning
4. How do you spell “pencil”? (= Can you spell “pencil”?)
(1) 此句是由how引导的特殊疑问句
(2) do作为助动词,放在特殊疑问词之后
〖复习〗一般疑问句的构成:
(1) Be/Can+主语+其他? Are you a new student here? / Can you sing?
(2) 助动词(Do/Does)+主语+其他? Do you like swimming?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
Eg:What is this?
What can I do for you?
〖注意〗一般疑问句的回答要用Yes/No;而特殊疑问句不能。
5. of course 当然可以 =Sure / All right.
6. I don’t know.
此句常用于你不知道回答别人的问题时。可在最前面加上Sorry / I’m sorry.
7. this:这;这个。指离说话人较近的人或事物。
that:那;那个。指离说话人较远的人或事物。
8. ---Thank you!
---You are welcome. 不用谢(不客气)。
此外you’re welcome=That’s all right. / That’s ok.来表示不客气。
9. ---What colour is+主语? 主语是什么颜色的?
---It is+颜色
【拓展】orange n. 橘子,橙子(可数名词)
橘子汁(不可数名词)
adj. 橙色的
10. help sb (to) do sth = help sb with sth 帮助sb做sth
Eg:I often help my mother do housework.
M4 My everyday life
1. ---What day is it today? 今天星期几?(询问周几)
---It is +星期
此句是由what day引导构成的一个特殊疑问句
【拓展】(1) 一周七天的表达及缩写:Monday(Mon.) Tuesday (Tue.) Wednesday (Wed.) Thursday (Thur.) Friday (Fri.)
Saturday (Sat.) Sunday (Sun.)
(2) ---What’s the date today? 今天是几号?(询问日期)
---It is September 20th.
2. write it in your book. 把它写在你的本子上
write sth in ……多指写在本子上或书,但是要表达写在黑板,墙壁,地面上时,常用write sth on……(Write it on the blackboard)
3. What day is your favourite day? = What day do you like best? 你最喜欢周几?
favourite 此处作形容词,表示“最喜欢的”,后接名词
Eg:Mr. Chen is my favourite teacher. = My favourite teacher is Mr. Chen.
Cat is his favourite animal. = His favourite animal is cat.
4. ---what is the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
---It is+天气
【拓展】(1) spring—warm summer—hot autumn—cool winter—cold
(2)询问天气的另一种问法:---How is the weather today? ---It is+天气
(3) weather为不可数名词,不能用a/an修饰
(4) 在季节或地点前面用介词in
What’s the weather like in Jinhua in summer?
(5) 表示天气的形容词:warm/hot/cool/cold/sunny/cloudy/windy等
5. ---What is your favourite sport? 你最喜欢的运动是什么?
---My favourite sport is +运动
6. Let’s play football after school. 让我们放学后去踢足球吧
(1) Let’s+动词原形
(2) play+球类 / play the +乐器 (play basketball / play the piano)
(3) after school 放学后
7. Good idea! 好主意(常用于对别人提出的建议表示赞同)
idea作可数名词,表示“主意,想法”
Eg:I have a good idea.
8. Let’s go swimming on Wednesday.
(1) go swimming 去游泳 类似的表达:go boating 去划船 go shopping 去购物 go fishing 去钓鱼
(2) 星期之前用介词on
【拓展】介词on/in/at的用法:
on:用在星期或具体的某一天之前 On Monday / On October 1st
in:用在年份、月份、世纪、四季及泛指的早上,中午和晚上
in 2013/ in October/ in the morning/ in spring
at:多用于表示具体的钟点之前 at three o’clock
9. like doing sth 喜欢做sth
Eg:I like play football.
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